Carrageenan and More: Biorefinery Approaches with Special Reference to the Processing of Kappaphycus

Abstract

Includes index. This book collates the latest information on Kappaphycus and Eucheuma seaweeds. The edited volume provides an important companion to anyone studying or working with what is the world's largest cultivated marine plant biomass. The contributing authors have excelled in providing information on production and present and future uses of these carrageenan-bearing seaweeds. Important elements of taxonomy, distribution and methods of cultivation and processing are presented to the reader in an accessible and easily understood format. The book provides a number of valuable opinions on value addition and MUZE technologies which highlight value-chains associated with these important red algae. Foreword -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the Editors -- 1: Reflections on the Commercial Development of Eucheumatoid Seaweed Farming -- 1.1 Overview of the Development Time-ÂƯLine for Eucheumatoid Seaweed Farming -- 1.2 The Urgent Need for Seaweed Farming by the Globalized Carrageenan Industry -- 1.3 Early Development of Tropical Seaweed Agronomy -- 1.4 Successful Farming Leads to Disruptive SRC Technology -- 1.5 Shifting Value-Chain Governance Models -- 1.6 Indonesia Becomes the Leading Producer of Eucheumatoid Seaweeds 1.7 Eucheumatoid Seaweed Production Levels Off1.8 Eucheumatoid Seaweed Farming Spreads Around the World -- 1.8.1 Sabah in East Malaysia -- 1.8.2 China -- 1.8.3 Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam -- 1.8.4 India -- 1.8.5 Sri Lanka -- 1.8.6 Tanzania and Other East African/Western India Ocean Regions -- 1.8.7 Island Jurisdictions in the Pacific Ocean -- 1.8.8 Mexico, the Caribbean and Central America -- 1.8.9 Brazil -- 1.9 Developing Technologies Fuel Hopes for Further Growth -- References 2: Biodiversity, Biogeography and Molecular Genetics of the Commercially Important Genera Kappaphycus and Eucheuma2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Biodiversity -- 2.3 Development of Genetic Markers for Kappaphycus and Eucheuma -- 2.4 Molecular Identification of Kappaphycus and Eucheuma -- 2.5 Molecular Phylogenetics of Kappaphycus and Eucheuma -- 2.6 Genetic Diversity of Kappaphycus and Eucheuma -- 2.7 Introduction of K. alvarezii to Non-ÂƯindigenous Areas -- 2.8 Future Studies -- 2.8.1 Wider and Deeper Approach to Sampling 2.8.2 Taxonomic Revision and Comprehensive Genetic Studies2.8.3 Putting Genetic Information to Use -- References -- 3: Reproductive Biology and Eco-ÂƯphysiology of Farmed Kappaphycus and Eucheuma -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Reproduction and Life Cycles of Kappaphycus and Eucheuma in Natural and Farmed Areas -- 3.2.1 Populations -- 3.3 The Physiology of Farmed Kappaphycus and Eucheuma -- 3.3.1 Light -- 3.3.2 Temperature -- 3.3.3 Salinity -- 3.3.4 Nutrients -- 3.3.5 pH -- 3.4 Summary and Recommendations -- References 4: The Cultivation of Kappaphycus and Eucheuma in Tropical and Sub-ÂƯTropical Waters4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Cultivation in Tropical and Sub-ÂƯtropical Waters -- 4.2.1 Southeast Asia and China -- 4.2.1.1 The Philippines -- 4.2.1.2 Indonesia -- 4.2.1.3 Malaysia -- 4.2.1.4 Vietnam -- 4.2.1.5 Cambodia -- 4.2.1.6 China -- 4.2.1.7 Myanmar -- 4.2.2 The Pacific Islands -- 4.2.2.1 The Cook Islands -- 4.2.2.2 The Fiji Islands -- 4.2.2.3 The Kiribati Islands -- 4.2.2.4 The Marshall Islands -- 4.2.2.5 Papua New Guinea