Doença de addison de etiologia auto-imune

  • Silva R
  • Kater C
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Abstract

A doença de Addison de etiologia auto-imune é uma endocrinopatia rara e potencialmente fatal, que pode ocorrer de forma isolada ou como parte das síndromes poliglandulares auto-imunes (SPA) dos tipo I e II. Auto-anticorpos anti-cortex adrenal são considerados marcadores imunológicos sensíveis do processo auto-imune destrutivo, podendo identificar indivíduos na fase pré-clínica da doença. A enzima 21-hidroxilase (citocromo P450c21) representa o principal antígeno adrenocortical, embora outros citocromos P450 (17a-hidroxílase e colesterol desmolase) possam, também, desencadear a resposta auto-imune, principalmente na SPA do tipo I e na doença de Addison associada à falência ovariana precoce. O papel dos auto-anticorpos anti-P450c21 na patogênse da falência adrenal ainda não está bem estabelecido, assim como aquele dos anticorpos anti-receptor do ACTH.Autoimmune Addison's disease is a rare and potentially, fatal endocrinopathy, that can occur either isolated or as part of the types I and II polyglandular autoimmune syndromes (PAS). Adrenocortical autoantibodies are considered sensitive immunological markers of the destructive autoimmune process, and can identify individuals in the pre-clinical stage of the disease. The steroidogenic enzyme 21-hydroxylase (P450c21) represents the major adrenal autoantigen, although other P450 cytochromes (17a-hydroxylase and side chain cleavage) can also trigger an autoimmune response, mainly in the PAS type I and in Addison's disease with associated premature ovarian failure. The role of P45021 autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of the adrenal failure is not yet well established, and the same happens with the anti-ACTH receptor antibodies.

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Silva, R. C., & Kater, C. E. (1998). Doença de addison de etiologia auto-imune. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 42(6), 431–443. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27301998000600005

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