What Are the Tradeoffs Between the Immediacy of Management Needs and the Longer Process of Scientific Discovery?

Abstract

McAninch and Strayer (1989) Tradeoff between science and management needs Implied conflict between scientists and managers - managers need some immediate answers while scientists are unwilling or unable to provide complete answers without a lengthy study. Central problem; dealing with scientific uncertainty - scientists unwilling to provide scientific advice on a problem unless there is a very high degree of scientific certainty , whereas managers may use scientific advice as though it were the final solution. Common long term goal though; to predict behaviour of system correctly