FP289IMPACT OF HIGH FAT DIET FEEDING DURING CHILDHOOD ON ADULT SYSTEMIC AND RENAL PARAMETERS: ROLE OF THE PHYSICAL EXERCISE

Abstract

Introduction and Aims: High fat diet-induced obesity is often associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), characterized by the development of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, visceral obesity and susceptibility to nephropathy. The sedentary lifestyles and the obesity are increasing among young individuals, and the long-term effects of obesity induced during childhood are still poorly understood. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is over activated in the obesity, contributing to the development of hypertension and inflammation. The objectives were to evaluate the consequences childhood obesity on adult renal and systemic parameters and the possible beneficial effects of the exercise. Methods: Twenty-one days old maleWistar rats were feed, just after weaning, with standard fat content (4%, control group) or with high-fat (21%) diet. The animals were followed for 8 weeks, and then subdivided into groups control (C, n=5), control + exercise (CEx, n=5), high fat diet (HF, n=6), high fat diet + exercise (HFEx, n=5). Physical exercise was induced by treadmill running, initially 12m/min, with progressive increase of 3m/min every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. After 16 weeks, serum and urine were collected and the animals were sacrificed for removal of the kidneys, liver and visceral adipose tissue for histologic and molecular analysis. Results: The consumption of a high fat diet during childhood caused weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, and physical activity attenuated these changes. HF group presented a tendency to increased blood pressure (not significant) and no change in the creatinine clearance. Fractional Na+ excretion was decreased without no changes in the expression of the main renal sodium transporters (NaKATPse, NKCC, NHE3 and TSC), but a reduced in the expression of sodium/glucose cotransporters (SGLT-1 and SGLT-2). Exercise increased the expression of SGLT-1. No changes were observed in the expression of the intrarenal RAS components. Conclusions: These results suggest that the high-fat diet-induced childhood obesity do contribute to the development of metabolic disorders that can be relevant since they appear very early and may be aggravated lifelong. Exercise was able to attenuate these metabolic disorders.