On the choice of the water treatment technology for rural areas

Abstract

Most water supply systems in rural areas of the Russian Federation were built in the last century. At the same time, no more than 18% of consumers of small settlements are provided with drinking-quality water. The rest of the population living in rural areas has to use untreated underground and surface water which does not meet sanitary-chemical (40.3%) and microbiological (35.5%) indicators. Most of such water supply sources are exposed to anthropogenic and technological environmental impact with varying degrees of intensity. Intensive deterioration in the natural waters quality, the absence of water purification and waste water treatment plants in rural settlements and villages significantly increases the risk of emergency situations occurrence associated with mass infection of the population with waterborne pathogens. One of the ways to provide the villagers with high-quality drinking water is through modular water treatment plants of various capacities. This work presents the first part of development research of the water treatment and disinfection technology carried out in laboratory conditions. The proposed technology allows treatment of natural water to the SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 quality without use of imported reagents and the permanent presence of maintenance staff.