Practice of euthanasia among physicians and nurses in German hospitals

Abstract

Background Active euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are controversially discussed in Germany. Empirical studies are missing to estimate their respective incidence, including passive and indirect euthanasia in German hospitals. Physicians and nurses in German hospitals were surveyed regarding their practice of euthanasia and possible influence factors. Method Information on euthanasia practice was obtained using descriptive terms and related definitions in an anonymous online survey. Participants' objective and subjective occupational situations and support of euthanasia were recorded. The final samples comprised N = 2507 physicians and N = 2683 nurses. Result The practice of passive and indirect euthanasia was reported by a large number of physicians and nurses during the last 24 months, active euthanasia and assisted suicide was reported by substantially less participants. Variance among the practice of active euthanasia could be explained by occupational factors and the respective advocacy of euthanasia amongst other variables, but not by subjective burden. Discussion Euthanasia is practiced by physicians and nurses in German hospitals. The Incidence of different types of euthanasia and relevant influence factors are discussed considering methodical limitations.