The Paradigm Shift in Ecology and Its Implications for Conservation

Abstract

A brief precis of ecology is discussed, emphasizing the central theme of succession in the classical paradigm. This is followed by mention of the nonequilibrium paradigm and its central theme of patch dynamics. Conservation implications of this paradigm shift in ecology include (1) the replacement of a model in which some species are better adapted than others with a model in which all species are simply differently adapted; (2) the population as the fundamental unit, or currency, in conservation, (3) the recognition of the complexity of patch dynamics overlain by habitat fragmentation and the confounding implications of these; and (4) a greater appreciation of multiscalar phenomena. Social implications include some mistrust and skepticism of the "new" conservation, and most importantly, the birth of ecologist as polymath.