Factors associated with oral health-related quality of life in patients with diabetes

Abstract

Background: Oral pathologies are prevalent in diabetes, and they may affect the quality of life and patient's perception of their oral health. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with oral health-related quality of life of patients with diabetes. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted involving 316 patients visiting a hospital diabetic unit. Sociodemographic, oral and medical care data were recorded, and a General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire was completed. A multivariable analysis was performed. Results: Of the 316 study participants, 61.7% had type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and 20.5% had poorly controlled diabetes. Forty-five percent had at least one oral complication, 55% had visited a dentist within the past year and 67% reported having poor oral health and 281 answered the GOHAI questionnaire. A low GOHAI score (≤50) was obtained for 24.6% of the patients and was associated with T2DM, poorer oral health, dry mouth sensation and use of a removable prosthesis. Conclusions: Oral health status was poorer and had a negative effect on the quality of life among patients with T2DM, possibly contributing to poorly balanced nutrition.