Seroma or hygroma formation after implantation of an intrathecal drug delivery system or a spinal cord stimulator

Abstract

Seromas and hygromas may form after implantation of an intrathecal drug delivery system or spinal cord stimulator. A seroma is a subcutaneous collection of serous fluid; a hygroma contains cerebrospinal fluid. Both appear as a cystic swelling along a surgical incision site. In most situations, they resolve spontaneously, but careful observation is recommended as they may become infected. With a hygroma, ongoing leakage of cerebrospinal fluid may result in neurological compromise.