The Geographical Systems Information: Tools for the Effective Management of the Cultural Heritage from Natural Disasters

Abstract

Cultural Heritage is gaining more and more attention because of its value as a sign of identity and because of its important role in the economy of many regions. This can be seen in how different administrations have developed tools for the proper management of their heritage. However, a new awareness has emerged in recent years, driven by international institutions seeking new methodologies based on prevention. In this phase, geospatial information and Geographic Information Systems play a fundamental role as instruments for territorial analysis, which not only allow the evaluation of impacts but also establish preventive strategies and facilitate on-site intervention. This paper is a methodological essay that examines cultural heritage and natural risks. Through a series of analyses, models will be established to allow the identification of different degrees of exposure to different natural hazards calculated with different statistical models. Consequently, data on territorial vulnerability and its relation to heritage will be obtained. This study has been carried out at two levels in the municipality of Lorca which was struck by a strong earthquake in 2011.