Sea level rise implication on small islands in Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta

Abstract

The phenomenon of sea level rise is caused by global warming, which impacts inundation in coastal areas, especially on small islands. The coastal area of small islands is very vulnerable to the impact of sea level rise, including Lancang Island (covers Lancang Besar and Lancang Kecil Island), Tidung Kecil Island, and Pramuka Island, which is part of small islands in Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Sea level rise will become a problem if the seawater reaches land and causes environmental damage in coastal areas. Therefore, this study aims to create a vulnerability map for all those small islands due to coastal inundation using GIS technology. Analysis of areas affected by coastal inundation is carried out by processing DTM data derived from drone data. Based on 29 years of sea level rise data with the highest tide model, coastal inundation in 2050 is predicted to occur on all those small islands in Kepulauan Seribu and can be appropriately modelled. The results show that the affected areas on Tidung Kecil Island, Lancang Island, and Pramuka Island sequentially were 6.06 ha, 7.41 ha, and 3.47 ha. Some areas affected by coastal inundation on the three islands generally include dock and resident areas, empty land, vegetation, mangroves, forest, and road access. Mitigation efforts that can be carried out to reduce the impact of sea level rise in coastal areas include building embankments on the shoreline, dams, drainage systems, and mechanical wetlands, which must be optimized by increasing public awareness of coastal flooding.