Toxocariasis

Abstract

A COSMOPOLITAN PARASITIC ZOONOSIS: Toxocariasis is a widespread native parasitosis. It is due to the presence of Toxocara-type nematode larvae in the organism, that is at the origin of various clinical pictures. Transmitted by dogs and more rarely by cats, contamination occurs by ingestion of embryos deposited on the ground (animal excrements). MULTIPLE CLINICAL FORMS: The clinical forms are non-specific but frequent and varied (neurological, ophthalmologic, pulmonary, cutaneous and sometimes rheumatological). DIAGNOSIS: Diagnostic presumption is made in the presence of hypereosinophilia, proof of progressing toxocariasis. However, this increase is non-specific and is found in many other parasitosis. Diagnosis should therefore be confirmed using an IgG ELISA test and confirmed by Western Blot. TREATMENT: Currently, there is no consensus regarding treatment, however certain data are available in the literature. Prophylaxis appears to be the best weapon against this little known disease.