Association of alcohol drinking patterns with presence of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus among South Korean adults

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate the association between alcohol drinking patterns and the presence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010-2014. The participants were aged ≥30 years and had no previous diagnosis of DM. High-risk drinking was defined as alcohol consumption of ≥7 glasses at a sitting for men, and ≥5 glasses for women. After adjusting for confounding factors, a polychotomous logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of drinking patterns with IFG and DM. Results: For men, high-risk drinking was associated with higher odds ratios (ORs) of IFG (2-4=month, OR 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-2.04; 2-3=week, OR 1.79; 95% CI, 1.38-2.33; and ≥4=week, OR 2.24; 95% CI, 1.65-3.03) and of DM (2-4=month, OR 2.12; 95% CI, 1.20-3.77; 2-3=week, OR 1.78; 95% CI, 1.05-3.03; and ≥4=week, OR 2.98; 95% CI, 1.72-5.17). For women, high-risk drinking was associated with higher risk of IFG (2-4=month, OR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.04-2.21; 2-3=week, OR 3.19; 95% CI, 2.20-4.64; and ≥4=week, OR 2.23; 95% CI, 1.23-4.06), but not of DM, compared with nonhigh- risk drinkers who consumed alcohol ≤1 day=month. Non-high-risk drinkers who consumed alcohol ≥4 days=week had higher ORs of DM in men, but lower ORs of DM in women compared with non-high risk drinkers who consumed alcohol ≤1 day=month. Conclusions: Compared with non-high-risk alcohol drinking, even occasional high-risk alcohol drinking was associated with a higher risk of IFG in men and women, and DM in men. Nearly daily non-high-risk alcohol drinking was associated with a higher risk of DM in men and lower risk of DM in women.