Strategies for Studying and Improving the Zn/Br RFB

Abstract

From the problems outlined for each technological challenge described in previous chapters, some promising strategies have been formulated for increasing knowledge about and improving the electrochemical and physical processes of Zn/Br systems, particularly at the electrode–electrolyte interface. This chapter presents a condensed collation of these focused strategies, aimed at improving Zn/Br flow battery technology. New-found understanding from fundamental studies would allow clear identification of promising investigative pathways and reduce the time and effort involved in developing tailor-made solutions to reduce or circumvent internal sources of losses (e.g. due to undesirable side reactions), consequently reducing costs while improving operating efficiencies and practical specific energy. For maximum gain, proposals are made for short-term research on two fronts, namely computer modeling and electrochemical studies. That combination would allow rapid discovery and implementation of solutions, both for developing novel materials and for characterizing the Zn/Br system’s behavior under various combinations of physicochemical conditions. Simulations using sophisticated modeling techniques with adjustments based on accurate empirical parameters and correlations would significantly minimize the time and cost of the experimental investigations required to develop suitable materials for use in Zn/Br batteries. These simulations include periodic density functional calculations and multi-physics models of the system. On the experimental front, impedance spectroscopy is a sensitive and highly informative technique that can be used to both study and track even minor changes to Zn/Br system behavior contingent upon variations of chemical composition, physical arrangements and operating conditions.