Effects of autologous platelet‑rich plasma injections on facial skin rejuvenation

Abstract

Abstract. Autologous serum platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has been used to rejuvenate wrinkled and aged skin for years; however, the molecular mechanism for the positive effects of PRP on the skin remains unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the potential molecular mechanisms for the role of PRP in wrinkled and aged skin rejuvenation, and provide evidence for future clinical applications. A total of 30 healthy females were recruited for PRP treatment and signed informed consent was obtained. A total of 3 autologous PRP injections were administered to each patient with 15‐day intervals between injections. The effects of PRP injections were evaluated using the VISIA® Complexion Analysis System and skin computed tomography. A human organotypic skin model was established and treated with PBS or PRP before ultraviolet (UV)‐B light (10 mJ/cm2) irradiation. The distribution of the epidermal structure and dermal fibers were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichome staining. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1), tyrosinase, fibrillin and tropoelastin was detected by reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. The present results showed that PRP treatment improved skin quality in the participants. In addition, the VISIA® results showed that wrinkles, texture and pores were decreased in the PRP groups compared with the PBS treatment. The in vitro study demonstrated that PRP treatment ameliorated photoaging by inhibiting UV‐B‐induced MMP‐1 and tyrosinase upregulation, and by inducing fibrillin and tropoelastin expression that was downregulated by UV‐B. Collectively, it was demonstrated that PRP treatment ameliorated skin photoaging through regulation of MMP‐1, tyrosinase, fibrillin and tropoelastin expression.