Transplantation

Abstract

Lung transplantation (LTx) has shown to be an effective treatment option in highly selected patients. However, early consideration for referral and close monitoring of disease progression are mandatory especially in progressive diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The time window for active listing and transplantation to provide maximal transplant benefit is limited and requires an optimal screening and preparation process. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) plays a key role in disease management of patients before and following LTx and is widely recommended as a component of care in current clinical practice guidelines. However, PR programs need adaptations to meet the specific needs of patients prior or post LTx regarding components like physical training, breathing exercises, or education. This chapter reveals an overview on disease-specific candidate selection, allocation, and outcomes of LTx. Furthermore, detailed PR program modifications for patients before LTx (e.g., special exercise modalities, oxygen therapy, noninvasive ventilation, LTx-specific education) and post-LTx (like hygiene management, post-LTx education, or handling of post-LTx limitations) are discussed.