Culverts

Abstract

The hydraulic design of culverts is relatively well understood. Modifying culvert design for cold regions entails several common-sense considerations. These include consideration of: ice formation and degradation, lower ground temperatures, and snow movement and deposition. maintenance costs are typically higher for culverts in cold regions. Clearing culverts of ice and snow in the spring prior to breakup is typically the greatest maintenance cost. Most road construction in the arctic occurs when the ground is frozen. Ensuring proper compaction with ice-free material is essential for structural integrity when culverts are installed during the winter. Fishery resource agencies typically require passage of migratory fish species through culverts during high streamflow periods on designated fish streams. This paper discusses several considerations important for culvert location, design, construction, and maintenance in cold regions.