The risk factor of metastatic status of retinoblastoma patient in Yogyakarta Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

ABSTRACT The metastases of the tumor become a serious problem malignancy including retinoblastoma. This study aimed to observe the correlation between several risk factors with the metastatic status of retinoblastoma patients in Yogyakarta Tertiary Hospital. Records of patients with retinoblastoma treated between 2011 and 2017 were obtained for observational analytic study. The gender, laterality, age, Body Mass Index (BMI) classification, BMI for age, type of retinoblastoma, and metastatic status were analyzed. The association was statistically analyzed by the correlation ratio of Eta test. Thirty-seven cases of retinoblastoma were enrolled in this study, with mean age 29.44 (±14.1) months; 14 females and 23 males. Ten patients (27.0%) have no metastases, while 27 patients (72.9%) exhibit metastases. The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male gender (OR 8.3; 95% CI 1.07–64.5; p = 0.04) and age below 24 months (OR 17.6; 95% CI 1.26-248.31; p = 0.03) were a predictive of the metastatic status for retinoblastoma. On the other hand, the laterality, BMI classification, BMI for age, and types of retinoblastoma were not associated with the metastatic status of retinoblastoma. The gender and age were significantly associated with the metastatic status of retinoblastoma. Male patients and age below 24 months were more likely to have metastatic disease of retinoblastoma. ABSTRAK Metastasis tumor menjadi masalah serius termasuk retinoblastoma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati hubungan antara beberapa faktor risiko dengan status metastasis pasien retinoblastoma di Rumah Sakit Tersier Yogyakarta. Catatan pasien dengan retinoblastoma yang dirawat antara 2011 dan 2017 diperoleh untuk studi analitik observasional. Jenis kelamin, lateralitas, usia, klasifikasi Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), IMT untuk usia, jenis retinoblastoma, dan status metastasis dianalisis. Hubungan tersebut dianalisis secara statistik dengan rasio korelasi uji Eta. Tiga puluh tujuh kasus retinoblastoma terdaftar dalam penelitian ini, dengan usia rata-rata 29,44 (± 14,1) bulan; 14 wanita dan 23 pria. Sepuluh pasien (27,0%) tidak memiliki metastasis, sementara 27 pasien (72,9%) menunjukkan metastasis. Analisis regresi logistik multivariat menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin laki-laki (OR 8,3; 95% CI 1,07-64,5; p = 0,04) dan usia di bawah 24 bulan (OR 17,6; 95% CI 1,26-248,31; p = 0,03) merupakan prediksi metastasis status untuk retinoblastoma. Di sisi lain, lateralitas, klasifikasi BMI, BMI untuk usia, dan jenis retinoblastoma tidak terkait dengan status metastasis retinoblastoma. Jenis kelamin dan usia secara signifikan terkait dengan status metastasis retinoblastoma. Pasien pria dan usia di bawah 24 bulan lebih cenderung memiliki penyakit metastasis retinoblastoma.