Antibacterial activity assay of essential oils from limau kuit peel against Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

This research aims to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils from Limau Kuit (a local variety of limes of South Kalimantan) peel against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, the minimum inhibitory concentration, and to identify compounds of essential oils contained. The essential oil has been isolated by hydro steam distillation and then was analyzed by using GC-MS to identify major compounds of the essential oils which were supposed as antibacterial agents. The result of this research showed the oils had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 at concentrations 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% with minimum inhibitory concentration 25% wet and dry sample. There was no significant difference in MIC between the two samples. At low concentrations, essential oils from wet samples had better inhibition power than dry samples up to a concentration of 75%. But at a concentration of 100%, their inhibitory power tended to decrease. Based on GC-MS data were demonstrated of 15 compounds in the wet sample and 16 compounds in the dry sample. Five major compounds of essential oil from Limau Kuit peel were limonene, ?terpinene, ß-pinene, a-pinene, and sabinene. Meanwhile, it was known that compounds limonene, a-pinene, ?-terpinene, ß-pinene, a-terpineol, sabinene, and terpinen-4-ol had antibacterial activity.