Mono-ADP-ribosylation is a major post-translational modification performed by bacterial toxins, which transfer an ADP-ribose moiety to a substrate acceptor residue. Actin- and Rho-specific ADP-ribosylating toxins (ARTs) are typical ARTs known to have very similar tertiary structures but totally different targets. Actin-specific ARTs are the A components of binary toxins, ADP-ribosylate actin at Arg177, leading to the depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton. On the other hand, C3-like exoenzymes are Rho-specific ARTs, ADP-ribosylate Rho GTPases at Asn41, exerting an indirect effect on the actin cytoskeleton. This review focuses on the differences and similarities of actin- and Rho-specific ARTs, especially with respect to their substrate recognition and cell entry mechanisms, based on structural studies.
CITATION STYLE
Tsuge, H., Tsurumura, T., Toda, A., Murata, H., Toniti, W., & Yoshida, T. (2016). Comparative studies of Actin- and Rho-specific ADP-ribosylating toxins: Insight from structural biology. In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology (Vol. 399, pp. 69–86). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_23
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