Early low-frequency stimulation of the pudendal nerve can inhibit detrusor overactivity and delay progress of bladder fibrosis in dogs with spinal cord injuries

Abstract

Objectives:To determine the inhibitory effects of pudendal nerve stimulation (5 Hz) on bladder overactivity at the early stage of spinal cord injury (SCI) in dogs, and to explore the possible effects on delayed progression of bladder fibrosis after SCI.Methods:The study was performed using six dogs with spinal cord transection at the T9-T10 level. Group 1 (three dogs) underwent low-frequency electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve 1 day after spinal cord transection. Group 2 (three dogs) underwent only spinal cord transection. All dogs underwent urodynamic examination at 1 and 3 months after SCI. The bladders were removed for histological examination of fibrosis at 3 months after SCI.Results:Bladder capacity and compliance were significantly increased (P<0.05) by pudendal nerve stimulation in group 1 when compared with group 2 at 1 and 3 months after SCI. Non-voiding contractions (NVCs) were inhibited in group 1 compared with group 2. Collagen fibers were significantly increased and elastic fibers were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in group 2 when compared with group 1.Conclusion:Early low-frequency pudendal nerve stimulation can inhibit detrusor overactivity (DO), increase bladder capacity and delay the progression of bladder fibrosis. © 2013 International Spinal Cord Society.