AR learning environment integrated with EIA inquiry model: Enhancing scientific literacy and reducing cognitive load of students

Abstract

This study constructed the EIA (Experience–Inquiry–Application) model to evaluate its extent on promoting scientific inquiry activities under an AR learning environment in an upper primary science course setting. Two hundred and nine fifth-grade Chinese students were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions, as a quasi-experiment was conducted to investigate how the EIA model and the AR learning environment influence students’ science learning. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Quantitative data suggest that students who participated in the EIA model under the AR setting performed the best; it also gives evidence to support that both the EIA model and the AR environment has significant positive effects on students’ performance in science learning. Qualitative data, in the form of a semi-structured interview with teachers and students, reveal that AR is able to be used for experiments that were originally deemed impossible, and it inspires students’ motivation for knowledge acquisition. Moreover, the EIA model empowers students in small-group collaboration, and is a good pedagogical tool to summarize units. EIA and AR form a bond of theory and technology and it strengthens students in manifold ways when it is deeply interwoven.