Current prevalence status of gastric cancer and recent studies on the roles of circular RNAs and methods used to investigate circular RNAs

Abstract

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with the fifth incidence and third mortality worldwide. There were 951,000 new cases and about 723,000 patients died of it in 2012. Undoubtedly, gastric cancer has been affecting people's living standards, and is already a major public health problem in China with its population growth and ageing. Even though the detection methods and medical standards have improved, the five-year survival rate of people is still very low. While circular RNA (circRNA) is increasingly attracting attention from researchers, at the same time, its mystery has gradually been uncovered. Many studies have shown that circRNA can act as molecular sponge of miRNA to regulate gene expression and has an obviously different expression profile between cancerous and normal groups, which arouse people's curiosity and provide new opportunities for early detection of gastric cancer to improve the quality of life of patients. This study reviews current prevalence of gastric cancer in the word and China, as well as the characteristics and functions of circRNA and common laboratory detection methods involving circRNA in gastric cancer.