Factories for antibody generation

Abstract

Antibodies are gathering increasing importance as diagnostic tools and as therapeutic agents. The major limiting factor is their low quality and productivity. Progress in exploiting molecular biology tools has provided platforms for developing recombinant antibodies. The major focus is on (1) performing complicated engineering by simpler techniques, (2) building up binders and fusing to diverse effectors and tags, (3) manufacturing the constructs economically using microbes, and (4) retaining stable material clonality for higher reproducibility. Among the most regularly used expression systems used for generating artificial antibody fragments are microalgae, bacteria, and mammalian cells. Each expression system has its own merits and demerits; however, mammalian cell expression systems have quite a few advantages: for recombinant protein production is their ability to induce proper folding of the protein, posttranslational changes, and generating the product-factors necessary for proper biological activity.