What are the prevalence and predictors of psychosocial healthcare among patients with heart disease? A nationwide population-based cohort study

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Psychosocial healthcare is recommended, but little is known about how patients perceive the level of care and whether subgroups of patients experience less psychosocial healthcare than others. We examined the prevalence of patient-reported psychosocial healthcare and factors predicting patient-reported lack of psychosocial healthcare among patients with heart disease. DESIGN: A cohort study. SETTING: Denmark, nationwide. PARTICIPANTS: A registry-based random sample of 5000 patients with incident heart disease in 2013. MEASURES: Patient-reported psychosocial healthcare was obtained from a survey and potential predictors before disease onset from registries. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of patient-reported lack of care. RESULTS: We received responses from 56%; 40% reported lacking information on psychosocial aspects, 51% lacking psychosocial rehabilitation and support and 32% reported lacking both types of psychosocial healthcare. The type of heart disease was the strongest predictor of patient-reported lack of psychosocial healthcare, especially among patients with atrial fibrillation (OR: 3.11-3.98). Older age (OR: 1.48-2.05), female gender (OR: 1.27-1.53) and no contact with general practitioner (OR: 1.47-1.84) also predicted patient-reported lack of psychosocial healthcare. Patients outside the labour force (OR: 1.29) and living in the capital region (OR: 1.50) more frequently reported lacking psychosocial rehabilitation and support, and patients with recent (OR: 1.63) or past (OR: 1.33) anxiety or depression and severe comorbidities (OR: 1.34) more frequently reported lacking both types of psychosocial healthcare. CONCLUSIONS: Many patients with heart disease reported lacking psychosocial healthcare. Importantly, patients who most need psychosocial healthcare are not those who report receiving it. Our results call for action to translate guidelines into clinical practice.