Variability of Volatile Oils Composition, Tannins, and Phenols from Campomanesia adamantium (CAMBESS.) O. Berg

Abstract

Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae), known as "guabiroba-do-campo", is a native Cerrado shrub popularly used as anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, and urinary tract antiseptics. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal variability of total phenols and tannins and chemical compounds of the volatile oils of C. adamantium leaves over 12 months. The leaves and flowers were collected in Bela Vista, Goiás, Brazil. The volatile oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus and anayzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The determination of total phenols and tannins was performed by the method of Hagerman and Butler. The main constituents of the essential oil from the leaves were γ-elemene, limonene, italicene epoxide, β-funebrene, bicyclogermacrene, and linalool, and those of flower oil were sabinene, limonene, linalool, tricyclene, and methyl salicylate. The total phenols content ranged from 3.75% to 9.56% and the tannins content from 2.25% to 4.84%. The best period for collecting the leaves with the highest index of phenols and tannins is low rainfall. This work represents the first description of the seasonal variability of the essential oils, tannins, and total phenols of C. adamantium collected in Bela Vista.