Determination of urinary lysozyme for potential detection of tubular dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy

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Abstract

Seeking to study whether measurement of lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) in urine by a reliable radioimmunoassay can provide a suitable index of renal tubular function and how lysozymuria develops in temporal relation to proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy, we have compared the urinary excretion of lysozyme and β2-microglobulin with the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein in 39 patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and investigated the temporal relation between the onset of lysozymuria and proteinuria in 15 patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. The concentrations of lysozyme and β2-microglobulin in urine increased in proportion to the decrease in the rate of excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein in these patients. The coefficient of correlation between lysozyme concentration and the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein (r = -0.70) was higher than that between β2-microglobulin concentration and the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein (r = -0.46). Abnormally high lysozymuria, suggesting the existence of tubular dysfunction, was demonstrated in six of the patients with Type 1 diabetes who showed no proteinuria or only a slight increase in urinary protein excretion. Lysozymuria may thus be added to a list of the indicators for diabetic nephropathy.

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Shima, K., Hirota, M., Fukuda, M., & Tanaka, A. (1986). Determination of urinary lysozyme for potential detection of tubular dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. Clinical Chemistry, 32(10), 1818–1822. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.10.1818

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