Lesson of the month 2: Chronic erythematous painless plaque on the eyelid co-presenting with multiple ulcerated nodules on the extremities

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by the Leishmania species, transmitted by the bite of an infected sandfly. The typical cutaneous lesion is a painless ulcer with a raised, indurated margin and often covered with an adherent crust. The lesions are mostly located on exposed sites such as the face and the extremities. Eyelid involvement is rare, making up only 2-5% of cases with facial cutaneous leishmaniasis. Herein, we report a 50-year-old male who presented with an erythematous plaque on the upper eyelid and multiple ulcerated nodules located on the extremities. Following microscopic examination of the lesional smear, a diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis was made, and the patient was successfully treated with intramuscular meglumine antimonate therapy.