Social determinants of infant mortality in socioeconomic deprived rural areas in Mexico

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to identify determinants of infant mortality in rural areas in Mexico and recommend strategies for its decrease. Methods: A study was conducted in a sample of 16 municipalities among those with the lowest index of human development. Infant deaths were identified through official data, records and through interviews with civil authorities, health workers and community leaders. Mothers of children who died were also interviewed. Results: In most cases, deaths were related with intermediate social determinants (living conditions and health services converged). The most important critical factors were the prevention programs and delays in receiving healthcare. Deficiencies in intersectorial policies to guarantee effective access to health services were found. Conclusions: To decrease infant mortality in rural areas of Mexico, geographic access has to be improved as well as investment in resources and training health personnel in intercultural competence and primary health care skills.