Assessment methods for ammonia hot-spots

Abstract

To date, most attention in modelling NH3 dispersion and deposition has focused on the regional and European scale, and little attention has been given to dealing with NH3 in hot-spot areas. The Working Group addressed the issue of hot-spots with four main objectives: Identify what are the main issues of hot-spots and their consequences at different scales. Review current modelling methods for accounting for NH3 dispersion and deposition in hot-spots. Examine the status of methods for effect assessment and air monitoring in NH3 hot-spots. Recommend broad principles for assessment approaches in ammonia hot-spots, including spatial approaches and the interactions between transboundary ammonia emission reduction targets and other policy measures. © 2009 Springer Netherlands.