Surface, Subsurface Drip and Nano-Oozing Irrigation Effects on Some Physical Characteristics of Tillage and Untilled Soil

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in Habbaniyah sub-district / Khaldiya district / Anbar governorate, western Iraq, in silty loam soil during the autumn season 2020, to study the effect of surface and subsurface drip irrigation and nanotechnology spurting on the bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity and penetration in plowed and non-Tillage soil. Irrigation was performed upon depletion of 50% of the prepared water, and the treatments were distributed according to the Nested-Factorial Experiments Design with three replications. Corn was planted, (Furat class), on 7/15/2020. The American evaporation basin Class A used for irrigation as a first indicator.The results showed an increase in bulk density after planting in general in surface drip irrigation, it reached 1.45 mg.m3 and 1.38 mg.m3 in subsurface irrigation for both of the tillage systems, while the tillage process didn't significantly affect the bulk density values. The values of saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased after planting in general compared to before planting, except for the non-tillage irrigation treatment, which increased from 9.28 to 10.31 cm hr -1, penetration decreased from 6.58kg cm2 before planting to 1.83 after cultivation without tillage, while the opposite occurred in non-Tillage soils,which increased from 0.63 kg.cm2 before planting to 1.28 kg.cm2.