Environmental design for cognitive decline

Abstract

Cognitive decline, especially substantial changes associated with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, significantly changes how individuals interact with their home environment. The nature and extent of these changes are highly individual and in constant flux, and are influenced by neuropathology, normal age-related changes in physical and mental functions, medications, as well as specifics in the patient's home environment. One consistent observation is that sensitivity to the environment increases sharply with the onset of dementia. As a clinician, it is important to understand the functional challenges that the typical unadapted home presents to a dementia patient, and the guiding principles for a dementiafriendly living space. Equipped with this information, clinicians can serve as a frontline resource, advising patients and their families about practical home management strategies to enhance safety, performance of daily skills, and quality of life.