Generation changes of Polish adolescents self-image (cohorts 1987 versus 2001)

Abstract

Aim of the study: To compare the self-image of adolescents over fifteen years in Poland (1987 versus 2001). Material and methods: Participants were 1872 school students aged 16 to 17 years randomly selected from high school in Kraków (university town). Self-image was measured by the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire. MANOVA, ANOVAs and CFA were applied as statistical methods. Results: Between 1987 and 2001 self-image changes toward a more positive self perceptions in 2001. Boys described themselves better on most scales. Girls score better on vocational and educational goals and superior adjustment. Discussion: Based on the results of population studies on adolescents' self-image, it can be claimed that within nearly 15 years, 17-year-olds' self-image improved. Thus, the hypothesis was confirmed that adolescents' self-image in subsequent birth cohorts had changed. A similar conclusion had been drawn by Offer in studies quoted earlier. Conclusions: Self-image changes over time. It is influenced by macrosocial conditions. The research confirm 5-factor model of self-image structure of the questionnaire and its inter-generational and intercultural stability.