Different Modes of Anion Response Cause Circulatory Phase Transfer of a Coordination Cage with Controlled Directionality

Abstract

Controlled directional transport of molecules is essential to complex natural systems, from cellular transport up to organismal circulatory systems. In contrast to these natural systems, synthetic systems that enable transport of molecules between several spatial locations on the macroscopic scale, when external stimuli are applied, remain to be explored. Now, the transfer of a supramolecular cage is reported with controlled directionality between three phases, based on a cage that responds reversibly in two distinct ways to different anions. Notably, circulatory phase transfer of the cage was demonstrated based on a system where the three layers of solvent are arranged within a circular track. The direction of circulation between solvent phases depended upon the order of addition of anions.