Performance modeling of bio-inspired routing protocols in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Network to reduce end-to-end delay

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Network (CRAHN) has created a demand for effectively utilizing the spectrum without affecting the environment. End-to-end delay in CRAHN affects the performance in numerous ways. The major task of routing protocols is to transfer the data to the destination in a shorter duration by utilizing low energy. Congestion in the network leads a way to end-to-end delay and exhaustive energy consumption, but optimization can be used to control it. This research work aims to propose a bio-inspired routing protocol inspired from characteristics from wolves to reduce the overall end-to-end delay which results in reducing the consumption of energy and extends the lifetime of the network. This research work utilizes M/G/1 queueing model to avoid network congestion, where the requests from nodes are markovian and service times regarding the requests have general distribution time. With benchmark performance metrics NS2 simulations are carried out to check the performance of the proposed protocols. Results conclude that the proposed protocol significantly outperforms than other protocols with better packet delivery ratio, reduced end-to-end latency and energy consumption.