The vesicoureteric maze: The reasons of misunderstanding

Abstract

Vesicoureteral reflux is the most common congenital urological anomaly in children, but remains one of the most controversial issues. VUR covers two different entities: reflux disease and reflux symptom. It has been associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infection and renal scarring. VUR is diagnosed mostly after or during follow-up for antenatal hydronephrosis. The place of the cystography is yet to be discussed. Management of VUR is controversial and includes antibioprophylaxis, surgical intervention, or surveillance. No evidence-based guidelines exist for appropriate treatment and follow-up.