INTRODUCTION: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common multisystem vasculitis in childhood. Pathogens can be associated with the onset of KD. However, a lack of consistency prevails among reports about this disease. CASE PRESENTATION: For this case of a 1-year-old boy with four recurrent episodes of KD within a year, we analysed profiles of pathogen reads in his serum and pharynx specimens using next-generation sequencing. Comparative analysis of the identified bacterial reads from serum samples found significant correlation of bacteria such as Streptococcus and Haemophilus spp. with the first and fourth episodes (R(2) = 0.9506) before treatment. In the first convalescent phase, the number of Streptococcus spp. was reduced remarkably (P < 0.0001). From sequencing of the pharynx specimen from the fourth episode, a similar correlation was found with serum from the fourth episode (R(2) = 0.6633). CONCLUSION: In this case, Streptococcus spp. may have been associated with onset of KD. Further studies must be undertaken to evaluate the putative association of micro-organism infection with KD pathogenesis.
CITATION STYLE
Hamada, H., Sekizuka, T., Oba, K., Katano, H., Kinumaki, A., Terai, M., … Kuroda, M. (2016). Comprehensive pathogen detection associated with four recurrent episodes of Kawasaki disease in a patient during a single year using next-generation sequencing. JMM Case Reports, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005019
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