Stressful life events, especially those in early life, can exert long-lasting changesin the brain, increasing vulnerability to mental illness especially in females. Omega-3 polyun-saturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) play a critical role in the development and function of thecentral nervous system (CNS). Thus, we investigated the influence of an eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (80% EPA, 20% DHA) n-3 PUFAs mixture on stress-relatedbehavioural and neurobiological responses.Sprague-Dawley female rats were subjected to an early-life stress, maternal separation (MS)procedure from postnatal days 2 to 12. Non-separated (NS) and MS rats were administeredsaline, EPA/DHA 0.4 g/kg/day or EPA/DHA 1 g/kg/day, respectively. In adulthood, EPA/DHAtreated animals had a dose dependent reduction in anxiety in NS rats. Furthermore, cognitiveperformance in the novel object recognition task (NOR) was improved by EPA/DHA treatmentin NS animals only. EPA/DHA 1 g/kg/day decreased behavioural despair in the forced swim test. Notably, EPA/DHA high dose increased the translocation of GRs into the nucleus of NS rat hip-pocampus. However, the levels of mBDNF remained unchanged in all the experimental groups. The corticosterone response to an acute stress was blunted in MS rats and this was further attenu-ated by pre-treatment with EPA/DHA. Immune response and monoamine neurotransmission weresignificantly altered by early-life stress. In conclusion, our study supports the view that n-3 PUFAsare beneficial in neurodevelopmentally normal animals but have little positive benefit in animalsexposed to early life stress.
CITATION STYLE
Pusceddu, M. M., Kelly, P., Ariffin, N., Cryan, J. F., Clarke, G., & Dinan, T. G. (2015). n-3 PUFAs have beneficial effects onanxiety and cognition in female rats: Effectsof early life stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 58(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.04.015
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