The rise of novel 2D materials beyond graphene: A comprehensive review of their potential as supercapacitor electrodes

Abstract

Over the last decade, considerable attention has been focused on 2D materials such as metal oxide, and hydroxides, graphitic carbon nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, MXene, and hexagonal boron nitride are primarily after graphene exploration. In recent times, several new 2D materials, including phosphorene, antimonene, germanene, silicene, and siloxene, have been identified as possessing unique and desirable traits of significant mechanical resilience, significant surface area to volume ratio, and excellent electrical conductivity. As a result of these characteristics, these novel 2D materials are excellent candidates intended for utilization in supercapacitors. The review highlights the potential of phosphorene, silicene, germanene, and siloxene as energy storage materials, focusing on their suitability as supercapacitor electrodes. The novel 2D materials are synthesized using various techniques, with limited success reported for synthesizing freestanding sheets. Although theoretical research aimed at improving their supercapacitive nature is advancing, practical evidence remains minimal. However, there is great optimism that the optimization of syntheses techniques will lead to the practical application of these novel materials for effective energy storage in the future.