Geometrical structure analysis of combustible and non-combustible foams by computed tomography

Abstract

Materials of spongy structure are commonly used in public transport vehicles. In the case of seats, they enable passengers to improve their comfort. However, one of the biggest problems is the combustibility of foams made of synthetic materials. On the occasion of fire, a high temperature may arise, accompanied by the emission of health- and life-threatening gases. Therefore, special non-combustible foams are used in order to increase the travellers' safety during a possible fire. In this paper, we presented the comparison of geometrical structure between combustible and non-combustible foams. The study was conducted using computed tomography (CT). This method enables scientists to make a 3D evaluation of an examined material internal structure. Moreover, the lack of measurement pressure allows for making the assessments without any deformations to the tested material. Our findings were based on the observation of differences between geometrical structures of combustible and non-combustible foams, originating from differences in their production processes. CT is a novel tool to get more information on the inspected foams. Still and all, it will not replace combustibility, resistance and exploitation tests.