Highway Gradient Effects on Hybrid Electric Vehicle Performance

Abstract

In the current era, the public is receiving much devotion to hybrid electric vehicles as the subsequent technology pattern in the road transport sector. Three-wheeler ‘battery’ vehicles are extensively used for intracity transport facility in Indian cities. These vehicles are known as smart e-vehicle and have the potential to mitigate the carbon emissions of conventional vehicles. The driving range of three-wheeler e-vehicle is greatly affected by the gradient of terrain/highway. The projected research emphasis the highway gradient effects on a three-wheeler e-vehicle performance. Next, to examine the effects of road gradient on the three-wheeler e-vehicle, the dynamics motion equations are modelled and derived. Appropriate three-wheeler e-vehicle design parameters and constants are taken from the literature survey. Finally, simulations of the dynamic vehicle model are performed in the MATLAB® simulation tool to compute road gradient effect of zero degrees, three degrees, six degrees, nine degrees, twelve degrees and fifteen degrees, respectively.