Pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Manhaj Ijtihad (Eksplorasi, dan Rekonstruksi)

  • Huda M
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Abstract

Pemahaman dan penerapan kandungan hukum al-Quran dan Hadits memerlukan pertimbangan yang memadai dari perspektif sosiohistoris. Karena jika tidak demikian, konsep hukum yang dihasilkan akan cenderung tidak efektif, parsial, kontradiktif dan implikasi penerapannya tidak sesuai dengan nilai sosiomoralnya yang fundamental. Hal itu karena suasana kehidupan, dan tantangan sosiohistoris dan masalah yang dihadapi umat sekarang sudah jauh berbeda dengan suasana di jaman kenabian. Perspektif sosiohistoris tersebut antara lain mencakup pertimbangan korelasi antar sesama teks syariat sendiri, relevansi sosiologis, filosofis, penghayatan  religiomoral, dan juga pertimbangan dari sisi kajian ilmiah (scientific discoveries). Untuk meraih tujuan tersebut metode pemahaman hukum (manhaj ijtihad) perlu terus disempurnakan, dan untuk mengembangkannya dibutuhkan keahlian yang memadai dari para mujtahid, baik mengenai seluk-beluk sumber syariat maupun masalah-masalah yang konkret dalam kehidupan manusia dengan segenap kompleksitasnya.   Abstract Appreciation and application of Islamic laws derived from the Quran and Hadits always need considerations in socio-historical context so the law will not be ineffective, partial, and contradictive. Consequently, the implementation of its orders will not be suitable with its fundamental socio-moral values. Because the sociological atmosphere, challenges, and real problems faced by human in nowadays and future are far different from the condition in the prophetic era. Such a socio-historical perspective, covers consideration of inter-textual correlation among shariah textual sources, sociological relevance, philosophical foundation, religio-moral comprehension, and consideration in scientific perspective. To obtain such objectives, the Islamic legal methodology (manhaj ijtihad) should be continuously developed. Besides, the contemporary Islamic jurist (mujtahid) should have enough competencies not only on textual sources of shariah but also on real  problems  in human life with all of their complexity.

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APA

Huda, M. (2017). Pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Manhaj Ijtihad (Eksplorasi, dan Rekonstruksi). Istinbath, 16(2), 345–364. https://doi.org/10.20414/ijhi.v16i2.6

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