Optimisation of low-voltage distribution networks in a strong embedded microgeneration and electric vehicle penetration context

Abstract

The growing search for electric vehicles and decentralised micro-production units is forcing electric power companies to adjust their grid exploitation strategies to the new paradigm, with less predictable load profiles. Both of these tendencies have direct impact on the power grid network, where the dynamic between offer/demand must be predicted and balanced. This study addresses the issue by conducting a study of consumption tariffs that attract the electric vehicle charging to periods with lower network utility and major photovoltaic (PV) production. First, a contextualisation of the subject is presented, followed by the development of strategies created to control plug-in electric vehicle’s (PEV) load connections through tariffs. Finally, a set of case studies is presented, in order to simulate and compare the PEV’s penetration and PV production effect on a real grid model. The results support the suggested optimisation strategy, showing a significant reduction in current and voltage perturbations and system losses.