Pearls and pitfalls of injectable facial fillers

Abstract

Injectable dermal and subdermal fillers have grown rapidly in the aesthetic market since their introduction in 1981. Busy and savvy consumers demand fast and effective results with minimal downtime. Choosing an appropriate filler requires understanding of filler material, anatomic considerations, and several patient factors. These factors must be explored thoroughly with every patient during a pre-procedural evaluation. Injection techniques that may be tailored to specific facial regions are described and illustrated in detail, including periorbital and cheek injection. Complications range in timing, duration, and severity, requiring prompt recognition and treatment.