Perdagangan dan Penyeludupan Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Malaysia

Abstract

Migration of workers contributes significantly to economic development both to the country of origin and to the country of received. However, there are various problems that arise from migration of workers. Trafficking and smuggling of illegal workers more recognizable as trafficking in humanity. The purpose of this study is to explore what factors influence migrant workers to come and work in Malaysia, both internal and external factors. This study use qualitative approach by describing about trafficking and smuggling of Indonesian migrant workers and quantitative approach by analyzing data from questionaires. In 2008, it was found that 35,353 Indonesian migrant workers that consist of male and female workers are returned from Malaysia. Average migrant workers who returned to Indonesia every month are 2,946 peoples. Because of limitation of time, there are only 100 respondents that distributed questionaires. This study found that there are two factors caused respondent come and work in Malaysia namely push and pull factors. Push factors consist of economic factors, environment, family, education, population crowding, high competition for jobs, safety, and exposure to natural disasters. Pull factors consist of job opportunities in Malaysia and higher income, the similarity of culture between Indonesia and Malaysia and nearess geographical position.