Biomimetic Lipid Polymer Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Abstract

Biomimetic nanoparticles are hybrid nanostructures in which the uppermost layer is similar to a cell membrane. In these nanoparticles, lipids and biopolymers can be organized to improve drug incorporation and delivery. This report provides instructions for the preparation and physical characterization of four different biomimetic nanoparticles: (1) polystyrene sulphate (PSS) nanoparticles covered with one cationic dioctadecyl dimethylammonium bromide bilayer (DODAB), which incorporates dimeric channels of the antimicrobial peptide Gramicidin D; (2) silica nanoparticles covered with one single bilayer of the antimicrobial cationic lipid DODAB; (3) hybrid lipid/polymer indomethacin (IND) nanoparticles from injection of IND/DODAB ethanolic solution in a water solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); (4) bactericidal and fungicidal nanoparticles from DODAB bilayer fragments (BF) covered consecutively by a CMC and a poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) layer. These examples provide the basis for the preparation and characterization of novel biomimetic nanoparticles with lipids and/or biopolymers in their composition. The polymers and lipids in the hybrid nanoparticle composition may impart stability and/or bioactivity and/or provide adequate microenvironments for carrying bioactive drugs and biomolecules.