Growth of in vitro Oncidesa plantlets cultured under cold cathode fluorescent lamps with super-elevated CO2 enrichment

Abstract

As interest in howto increase biomass production through biotechnologicalmeans gains traction, focus is turning towards the use of photoautotrophic micropropagation under elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) to maximize plant growth and productivity. The effect of super-elevatedCO2 with cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs)on the photoautotrophic growth of Oncidesa in vitro has been studied using a gas-permeable film culture vessel, the 'Vitron'. The growth of Oncidesa (formerly Oncidesa Gower Ramsey 'U-1') plantlets on Vacin andWent (VW)medium was stimulated by 10 000 mmol mol21 CO2. In particular, increasing the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) from 45 to 60 mmol m22 s21 under 10 000 mmol mol21 CO2 in the growth chamber remarkably increased the number of leaves and roots, and shoot and root fresh and dry weights compared with plantlets under the same level of CO2 under low PPFD (45 mmol m22 s21). However, there was a remarkable decrease in photosynthetic capacity, and chlorosis and browning of leaves. In stark contrast, plantlets grown on Kyoto medium at 10 000 mmol mol21 CO2 under high PPFD had a higher photosynthetic rate than plantlets grown on VWmedium, and no chlorosis or browningwas observed. Furthermore, shoot growth was remarkably enhanced. Therefore, super-elevated CO2 (10 000 mmol mol21) enrichment and growth under CCFLs can positively affect the efficiency and quality of commercial production of clonal Oncidesa plantlets. © The Authors 2013.