Helping couples deal with stress and adversity

Abstract

In light of accumulating evidence indicating that relationships are strongly affected by their environment, the purpose of this chapter is to review theory and research relevant to explaining how and why stress often impair couples' relationship functioning. Particular attention is given to the role that cognitions, communication, problem solving, social support, and avoidance have in altering the impact that stressors have on relationship functioning. Following a brief review of this literature, research and theory are integrated with principles of cognitive behavioral therapy to provide treatment recommendations for individuals working with distressed couples. Emphasis is placed on educating couples on the effects of stress, minimizing environmental stressors as much as possible, and teaching individuals and partners to apply coping strategies that help increase positive and minimize negative thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The chapter concludes with a case study illustrating the application of the principles and treatment strategies presented throughout the chapter.