Evaluation of anemia in the residents of tambaklorok exposed to plumbum

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a health condition characterized by a decreased in the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and the number of erythrocytes. It is usually caused through exposure to plumbum (Pb) common in most industrial areas. Based on several studies, Tambaklorok is located in the Northern part of the city of Semarang in Indonesia with Pb levels higher than the normal threshold. AIM: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of anemia among the residents of Tambaklorok based on the characteristics of the respondents. METHODS: Characteristics assessed include length of stay in the area, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), smoking habits, and consumption of shellfish. The methods are the cross-sectional research method was used with analytic study approach. The study sample was made up of 104 respondents with the characteristics evaluated through questionnaires. The levels of Hb, Ht, and erythrocytes were analyzed using Hematology Analyzer. RESULTS: The results showed that 38.6% of residents with over 30 years of stay, 42.2% with other jobs, 45.3% not wearing PPE, 26.7% smokers, and 38.7% of respondents had anemia. In addition, the Gamma statistical test results showed a significant relationship between the use of PPE with the levels of Hb (p = 0.001) and Ht (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: The conclusion is generally, 41% of Tambaklorok residents in Semarang had mild anemia based on the industrial activities in the region.