Artocarpus altilis Extract Capsules Reduce Fasting Blood Glucose in Prediabetes

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Management of prediabetes patients is essential to reduce the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes prevention strategies have been widely carried out with traditional medicine by the community. AIM: This study aims to assess the effect of Artocarpus altilis extract on reducing fasting blood glucose of the patients in Maros Regency, Indonesia. METHOD: The study was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, dividing participants into intervention groups who received A. altilis extract (n = 37) and the control group who received placebo (n = 37). The assessment of fasting blood glucose through screening with a simple enzymatic method. A fasting blood glucose was then validated using the spectrophotometric method. The fasting blood glucose measurement was performed again after 28 days of intervention, besides physical activity, food intake, and education of prediabetes/diabetes prevention measurements. The A. altilis extract was developed after the cold maceration process using a freeze dryer at −60°C. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, t-test, and Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: Most participants were female (68.0%), 40–49 years (51.9%), and stay-at-home parent (70.3%). The baseline data reports all variables were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.005). There was a significant decline in the intervention group after the intervention (114.89 ± 6.6 vs. 98.73 ± 4.8, p < 0.001) and no changes in the control group (113.62 ± 6.6 vs. 113.59 ± 6.7, p = 0.768). CONCLUSION: There is a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose in the intervention group who received A. altilis extract.